Chronic Hair Pulling Essay -- Trichotillomania

It has been two months since Makahla Rivers has pulled out her hair. In fact, that’s the longest she’s gone without pulling out her hair since she was 12 years old, she said. Rivers, a 19-year-old from Harrisville, Rhode Island who works in a local restaurant, has struggled with the impulse control disorder known as trichotillomania, the urge to pull out one’s own hair. Trichotillomania, often referred to as trich or TTM, was first documented by the French dermatologist, Francois Henri Hallopeau over 100 years ago and derives from the Greek words, â€Å"trich† (hair), â€Å"tillo† (to pull) and â€Å"mania† (impulse). While extensive medical research on this disorder has only been conducted within the past twenty years, it is estimated that around 1.5% of males and 3.5% of females in the U.S. struggle with chronic hair pulling, according to the Trichotillomania Learning Center Web site. It is believed that the majority of hair pulling starts during childhood or around adolescence. Hair is most commonly pulled from the scalp, eyebrows, eyelashes, pubic area and other areas such as the arms, legs or face. It is also common to start pulling in one area and then move onto other areas. Rivers said she started pulling around the age of 12 but it did not become an issue until she pulled out all of the hair from the top of her head at 15. â€Å"I was at an exercise convention with my mom,† she said.â€Å"We were staying at a hotel and we had done four exercise classes and I was tired but my mom was still rearing to go. So, I was like, ‘Oh, I’m just going to sit in the room and relax and take a nap.’ I was in the room, I was watching T.V., I was really tired and it’s almost like I was in a state of hypnosis. I didn’t notice I was [pulling out my... ... have the whole world know about this disorder so they can do research about it,† she said. â€Å"There are a lot of other people out there that have this disorder that are going through the same thing that I went trough that probably don’t even know they have this disorder.† Rivers is currently taking time off from college to enjoy life and take everything into perspective. While she said she can return to college at any time and handle the stress that comes with it, she is content where she is right now and doesn’t â€Å"want to mess this up.† â€Å"I’ve pretty much come to terms with it. I wouldn’t change it. I really would not change it,† she said. â€Å"All the years of suffering—it has made me a stronger person. It has made me who I am and I can’t regret that.† Sources Cited Trichotillomania Learning Center. 2015 http://www.trich.org/treatment/resources-articles.html

The Philosophy of Morality

There is restriction on freedom everywhere. This is a derived idea from the argument of Immanuel Kant in his work, An Answer to the Question: â€Å"What is Enlightenment?† This restriction is the reason why humans behave as they are: they need a harmonious environment within themselves as a pursuit of individual community of well-being, freedom and safety. Humans are not ultimately free as they could be because their actions have consequences. We may call these consequences, according to Kant, â€Å"imperatives for actions†. The reason â€Å"why certain acts ought to be done is because they ought to be done† (Stratton-Lake, 2000).Generally, a rational human being would do an action consciously for practical reasons, which is considered as hypothetically imperative. It demands that a person does such action for the sake of a purpose that he has in mind. Why Man should not   break promises, why should not tell lies, why and should not commit suicide? This is beca use Man ought not do these acts.   According to Kant, the reason why Man should keep his promises because of his â€Å"obligation to be consistent and the injunction against using others (i.e., against treating them only as means)† (Nasr, 2008). This is a concrete example of Kant’s Ought priciple of ethics.â€Å"Act so that you treat humanity, whether in your own person or in that of another, always as an end and never as a means only†(Kant, 1785). A true ethical person would not use people to further his own end and he treats other   people with respect to a value of dignity and not a value of price because a person with a value of dignity cannot be replaced and their value is priceless. An object with a value of price, as what the hypothetically imperative person believes, can be exchanged and used as a means to achieve an end.To Kant,   this principle of humanity â€Å"is the supreme limiting condition on the freedom of action of each man,† and a rgues that the principle is not founded on experience but rather seated in the footholds of a priori reasoning, reasoning that comes before experience. Indeed, Man’s actions are limited and the â€Å" theoretical Ought of our judgments about facts, like the practical Ought of Ethics, is after all definable only in terms of what Kant called the Autonomy of Will† (Royce, 1901).In fact, not only Kant recognized the limitations of the freedom of human Will and the actions that their will impose upon them and why Man obeys. Another philosopher who made a discourse on this ethical issue is Jonathan Edwards. He noted that there are â€Å"ethics or the rules† (Tappan 1839), which are, in fact, not compelled to be obeyed by everyone but impose a strong power upon the conscience of the majority, especially those who believes in an Almighty being and those who do not want to feel the uneasiness of the evil and the persecuting nature of the Man.Disobedience to these manly i mposed rules are considered as a â€Å"state of sinfulness† (Tappan 1839) or the corruption of human sensitivity disposed to violate the harmony and fitness of the spiritual constitution. This is another binding factor that makes man perform the hypothetically imperative actions.Does morality purely exist? Morality is something that is not strongly defined, yet it is considered as the ultimate commandment of reason and this is the guiding source for Man’s duties and obligations. Even Kant   argues   in his Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysics of Morals that â€Å"it is only a pure philosophy that we can look for the moral law in its purity and genuineness.† Human beings have moral obligations to each other, and, as previously mentioned, because of reasons that they need and not because of their pure will to do such obligations. Man, to be good to each other without qualification would be a conceived as having a â€Å"good will† (Kant, 1785) and i t must be understood, however, that humans do not have the autonomous will.They have the morally good will to attain the practical ends that they wish to have. Moral philosophies follow the â€Å"laws of human will† as affected by nature and when applied to man, it does not borrow the least thing from the knowledge of man himself (anthropology), but gives laws a priori to him as a rational being. Moral laws require human judgment that has been sharpened through time and experience in order for them to be properly applied and for these laws to access the will of the man and â€Å"effectual influence on conduct†(Kant, 1785). The virtuous person does not only conform and obeys the moral law.He also act for the sake of the moral law itself. Man’s actions are morally right as determined by the virtue of their motives, derived not from Man’s inclinations but from Man’s duty. A virtuous person, who makes a morally right action, is determined to act in acc ordance with his duty and this duty overcomes that person’s self-interests and hidden desires. And for Kant, the Ought of Ethics is the defining factor for morality: â€Å" the sense in which the conduct of moral aget is to be judged as   good or evil according as it does or does not conform to the standard of the Ought† (Royce, 1901)As Kant have further argued in his philosophies, the ultimate moral law principle was abstractly conceived to guide man to the right action in life’s circumstances. However, if man is immature enough to acknowledge this guidance, enlightenment would never be achieved. Moreover, it is not only the lack of maturity that deter man and give him obstacles from being enlightened but also laziness, superstitious and dogmatic beliefs or fanaticism. â€Å"Laziness and cowardice are the reasons why such a large proportion of men, even when nature has long emancipated them from alien guidance (naturaliter maiorennes), nevertheless gladly re main immature for life† (Kant, 1784).Enlightenment would result to freedom, and, if man is still of prejudices and dogmatic beliefs, Man would be nothing but an unthinking and leashed controlled being. Dogmas â€Å"are the ball and chain of His permanent immaturity.† (Kant, 1784) If Man stays immature and an obedient being without reason, he would be an object without dignity, a mere machine.Works CitedKant, Immanuel; translated by James W. Ellington [1785] (1993). Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals 3rd ed.Royce, Josiah. The World and the Individual: Gifford Lectures Delivered before the University of Aberdeen. 2d Series: Nature, Man, and the Moral Order. New York: Macmillan, 1901.Stratton-Lake, Philip. Kant, Duty, and Moral Worth. London: Routledge, 2000.Tappan, Henry Philip.   A Review of Edwards's â€Å"Inquiry into the Freedom of the Will. New York: J.S Taylor, 1839.

The Health Consequences Of Family Violence - 1360 Words

The name of the article I chose is named Family Violence Heath Consequences Among Married Women by Olufemi Kalesanwo and Emmanuel Adenuga. This research article studies exactly the description of the title, the health consequences of family violence among married women. The specific population that was used for this study was married women in Ogun State. Ogun State is located in south-western Nigeria with a population of 3,728, 098 (Kalesanwo Adenuga). A descriptive research design was used in order to collect the data. The exact instrument for this study was a self-structured questionnaire. In order to confirm the validity of the instrument, experts in Test and Measurement in the Faculty of Education, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago Iwoye were consulted and they offered suggestions based on their rational logical analysis of the content of the instrument (Kalesanwo Adenuga). The authors who conducted the research proposed five different research hypotheses. These five include: fa mily violence will not significantly have health consequences on married women in Ogun state, physical deformity will not significantly be a health consequence of family violence among Ogun State married women, premature delivery will not significantly be a health consequence of family violence on married women in Ogun State, permanent injuries would not significantly be health consequences of family violence among Ogun State married women, and family type will not significantly influenceShow MoreRelatedGender And Gender Violence1482 Words   |  6 PagesGender-based violence is the unequal power relationships between men and women. It includes rape, sexual assault and harassment, domestic abuse, and stalking. Gender violence reflects the idea that violence is often used to uphold structural gender inequalities. Gender violence includes all types of violence against men, women, children, gay, lesbian, and transgender people. 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